Botulinum neurotoxin subtype A2 enters neuronal cells faster than subtype A1
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Botulinum Neurotoxin Subtype A4 Originating from Nontoxigenic Clostridium botulinum.
In this issue of Applied and Environmental Microbiology (AEM), we publish a paper by Marite Bradshaw, William H. Tepp, Regina C. M. Whitemarsh, Sabine Pellett, and Eric A. Johnson from the Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin— Madison (UW—M), reporting on the purification and characterization of subtype A4 botulinum neurotoxin (1). The authors describe the purification of recombi...
متن کاملBotulinum Neurotoxin Type A Subtype 2 Confers Greater Safety than Subtype 1 in a Rat Parkinson’s Disease Model
Botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) cleaves SNAP-25 and interrupts the release of acetylcholine. We previously reported that BoNT/A subtype 2 (BoNT/A2) ameliorates pathologic behavior more effectively than subtype 1 (BoNT/A1) in a rat Parkinson's disease model. Here, we further show BoNT/A2 has fewer adverse effects than BoNT/A1. We first confirmed that intrastriatal treatments of both BoNT/As...
متن کاملHistorical Perspectives and Guidelines for Botulinum Neurotoxin Subtype Nomenclature
Botulinum neurotoxins are diverse proteins. They are currently represented by at least seven serotypes and more than 40 subtypes. New clostridial strains that produce novel neurotoxin variants are being identified with increasing frequency, which presents challenges when organizing the nomenclature surrounding these neurotoxins. Worldwide, researchers are faced with the possibility that toxins ...
متن کاملa1-Adrenergic Receptor Subtype
Background. Recent advances in adrenergic pharmacology have made possible the identification of a1-adrenergic receptor subtypes using the specific blockers chloroethylcionidine and WB 4101. Methods and Results. In the present study, we used these two blockers to determine the mechanisms responsible for automatic rhythms occurring during simulated ischemia and reperfusion of isolated canine Purk...
متن کاملHolotoxin Activity of Botulinum Neurotoxin Subtype A4 Originating from a Nontoxigenic Clostridium botulinum Expression System.
Clostridium botulinum subtype A4 neurotoxin (BoNT/A4) is naturally expressed in the dual-toxin-producing C. botulinum strain 657Ba at 100× lower titers than BoNT/B. In this study, we describe purification of recombinant BoNT/A4 (rBoNT/A4) expressed in a nonsporulating and nontoxigenic C. botulinum expression host strain. The rBoNT/A4 copurified with nontoxic toxin complex components provided in...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: FEBS Letters
سال: 2010
ISSN: 0014-5793
DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2010.11.045